diff --git a/tutor/history_quiz.py b/tutor/history_quiz.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..070d3a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tutor/history_quiz.py
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+"""
+历史知识问答引擎 — 七年级中国历史背诵题库
+从 data/历史背诵题库.json 加载题目，支持随机出题、答题判断、进度追踪
+"""
+
+import json
+import random
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+from datetime import datetime
+
+QUIZ_FILE = Path(os.environ.get(
+    "HISTORY_QUIZ_FILE",
+    os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "data", "历史背诵题库.json")
+))
+
+# 单元别名映射（用于前端显示）
+UNIT_ALIASES = {
+    "U1": "七上·第一单元 史前时期",
+    "U2": "七上·第二单元 夏商周时期",
+    "U3": "七上·第三单元 秦汉时期",
+    "U4": "七上·第四单元 三国两晋南北朝",
+    "U5": "七下·第一单元 隋唐时期",
+    "U6": "七下·第二单元 辽宋夏金元",
+    "U7": "七下·第三单元 明清时期",
+}
+
+
+class HistoryQuiz:
+    """历史题库引擎"""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.data = self._load_quiz()
+        self.units = {u["unit_id"]: u for u in self.data.get("units", [])}
+        self.all_questions = []
+        for unit in self.data.get("units", []):
+            for q in unit.get("questions", []):
+                q["unit_id"] = unit["unit_id"]
+                q["unit_title"] = unit.get("title", "")
+                self.all_questions.append(q)
+
+    def _load_quiz(self) -> dict:
+        if QUIZ_FILE.exists():
+            return json.loads(QUIZ_FILE.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+        # 降级：空题库
+        return {"metadata": {}, "units": []}
+
+    def get_units(self) -> list:
+        """获取所有单元信息（含题目数量）"""
+        result = []
+        for unit in self.data.get("units", []):
+            uid = unit["unit_id"]
+            result.append({
+                "unit_id": uid,
+                "title": unit.get("title", ""),
+                "grade": unit.get("grade", ""),
+                "alias": UNIT_ALIASES.get(uid, uid),
+                "question_count": len(unit.get("questions", [])),
+                "lessons": unit.get("lessons", []),
+            })
+        return result
+
+    def get_random_question(self, unit_id: str = None, question_type: str = None) -> dict:
+        """随机获取一道题，可选按单元/题型过滤"""
+        pool = self.all_questions
+        if unit_id:
+            pool = [q for q in pool if q.get("unit_id") == unit_id]
+        if question_type:
+            pool = [q for q in pool if q.get("type") == question_type]
+        if not pool:
+            return {"error": "该条件下没有题目"}
+        q = random.choice(pool)
+        return {
+            "id": q["id"],
+            "type": q["type"],
+            "question": q["question"],
+            "answer": q["answer"],
+            "unit_id": q["unit_id"],
+            "unit_title": q.get("unit_title", ""),
+            "unit_alias": UNIT_ALIASES.get(q["unit_id"], q["unit_id"]),
+            "source": q.get("source", ""),
+        }
+
+    def get_batch(self, count: int = 10, unit_id: str = None, question_type: str = None) -> list:
+        """批量获取题目（不重复）"""
+        pool = list(self.all_questions)
+        if unit_id:
+            pool = [q for q in pool if q.get("unit_id") == unit_id]
+        if question_type:
+            pool = [q for q in pool if q.get("type") == question_type]
+        random.shuffle(pool)
+        selected = pool[:count]
+        return [{
+            "id": q["id"],
+            "type": q["type"],
+            "question": q["question"],
+            "answer": q["answer"],
+            "unit_id": q["unit_id"],
+            "unit_title": q.get("unit_title", ""),
+            "unit_alias": UNIT_ALIASES.get(q["unit_id"], q["unit_id"]),
+        } for q in selected]
+
+    def check_answer(self, question_id: str, student_answer: str) -> dict:
+        """检查答案 — 模糊匹配（关键词匹配）"""
+        q = next((q for q in self.all_questions if q["id"] == question_id), None)
+        if not q:
+            return {"correct": False, "error": "题目不存在"}
+
+        correct = q["answer"].strip()
+        student = student_answer.strip()
+
+        # 精确匹配
+        if student == correct:
+            return {
+                "correct": True,
+                "question_id": question_id,
+                "student_answer": student,
+                "correct_answer": correct,
+                "match_type": "exact"
+            }
+
+        # 包含匹配（学生答案包含在标准答案中，或反之）
+        if len(student) >= 2 and (student in correct or correct in student):
+            return {
+                "correct": True,
+                "question_id": question_id,
+                "student_answer": student,
+                "correct_answer": correct,
+                "match_type": "partial"
+            }
+
+        # 关键词匹配（答案拆分为关键词，匹配度>60%算对）
+        keywords = set(correct.replace("，", " ").replace("、", " ").replace("；", " ").split())
+        student_words = set(student.replace("，", " ").replace("、", " ").replace("；", " ").split())
+        if keywords and student_words:
+            overlap = len(keywords & student_words) / len(keywords)
+            if overlap >= 0.6:
+                return {
+                    "correct": True,
+                    "question_id": question_id,
+                    "student_answer": student,
+                    "correct_answer": correct,
+                    "match_type": "keyword",
+                    "keyword_match": f"{overlap:.0%}"
+                }
+
+        return {
+            "correct": False,
+            "question_id": question_id,
+            "student_answer": student,
+            "correct_answer": correct,
+            "hint": self._generate_hint(correct)
+        }
+
+    def _generate_hint(self, answer: str) -> str:
+        """生成提示（显示答案首字+长度）"""
+        if len(answer) <= 1:
+            return "答案很短，再想想？"
+        first_char = answer[0]
+        return f"提示：答案以「{first_char}」开头，共{len(answer)}个字"
+
+    def get_stats(self) -> dict:
+        """题库统计"""
+        type_counts = {}
+        for q in self.all_questions:
+            t = q.get("type", "unknown")
+            type_counts[t] = type_counts.get(t, 0) + 1
+
+        return {
+            "total_questions": len(self.all_questions),
+            "total_units": len(self.units),
+            "by_type": type_counts,
+            "by_unit": {uid: len(u.get("questions", [])) for uid, u in self.units.items()},
+        }
+
+
+# 全局单例
+_quiz_instance = None
+
+def get_quiz() -> HistoryQuiz:
+    global _quiz_instance
+    if _quiz_instance is None:
+        _quiz_instance = HistoryQuiz()
+    return _quiz_instance